根据以下材料，回答题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son ofSimon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day" (old English forbreadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. "Black" and"White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather tha
A. the importance of surnames
B. the origin and culture of Britishsurnames
C. the dignity of having a proper surname
D. the meanings of British surnames
查看答案
热门试题
根据以下材料，回答 81～83 题：
根据以下材料，回答 85～88 题：
根据以下材料，回答 84～86 题：
根据以下材料，回答 87～88 题：
根据材料，回答题
根据材料回答题：
根据以下材料，请回答 110～111 问题：
根据以下材料，回答题
证见伴少气懒言，倦怠乏力，动则加剧，面色无华，舌淡，苔白，脉虚弱无力。根据气血津液辨证，回答以下问题。
该证属于查看材料
材料题根据以下材料，回答题某患者表现有食欲不振，口淡无味，腹胀，便溏，消瘦，倦怠等症状。按照藏象理论，回答以下问题。其开窍是查看材料
根据材料，回答题惊风可见 查看材料
材料题根据以下材料，回答题某患者表现有食欲不振，口淡无味，腹胀，便溏，消瘦，倦怠等症状。按照藏象理论，回答以下问题。该病属以下哪种功能失常所致查看材料
材料题根据以下材料，回答题某患者表现有食欲不振，口淡无味，腹胀，便溏，消瘦，倦怠等症状。按照藏象理论，回答以下问题。该脏其华在查看材料
根据以下材料，回答题患者，男，40岁，咳嗽咯痰2周，痰黄黏稠，伴发热，咽痛，头痛，舌红，苔薄黄，脉滑数。根据病例回答以下问题。治疗方剂应选用查看材料
根据以下材料，回答题患者，男，40岁，咳嗽咯痰2周，痰黄黏稠，伴发热，咽痛，头痛，舌红，苔薄黄，脉滑数。根据病例回答以下问题。该患者应诊断为查看材料
根据以下材料，回答题
证见伴少气懒言，倦怠乏力，动则加剧，面色无华，舌淡，苔白，脉虚弱无力。根据气血津液辨证，回答以下问题。
若伴随皮下紫斑，便血等，其辨证应为查看材料
材料题根据以下材料，回答题患者证见胃脘疼痛，痛势较轻微，但绵绵不休，反复发作近2个月，伴神疲纳呆。根据问诊的内容，回答以下问题。其病机是查看材料
根据材料，回答题鳖甲的功效是 查看材料
根据材料，回答题脾虚湿盛可见 查看材料
根据以下材料，回答题患者，男，40岁，咳嗽咯痰2周，痰黄黏稠，伴发热，咽痛，头痛，舌红，苔薄黄，脉滑数。根据病例回答以下问题。该患者应辨为何证查看材料
根据以下材料，回答题Laziness is a sin, everyone knows that.We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, thatit is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life
