2024年成考高起点《数学(理)》每日一练试题04月07日

<p class="introTit">单选题</p><p>1、下列函数中，为奇函数的是（）</p><ul><li>A：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/156411642c7ba59.png' /></li><li>B：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/156411643238049.png' /></li><li>C：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116437cc5f5.png' /></li><li>D：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/156411643c1ff56.png' /></li></ul><p>答 案：B</p><p>解 析：当f(-x)＝-f(x)，函数f(x)是奇函数，只有选项B符合.</p><p>2、在△ABC中，若lgsinA-lgsinB-lgcos=lg2，则△ABC是（）</p><ul><li>A：以A为直角的三角形</li><li>B：b=c的等腰三角形</li><li>C：等边三角形</li><li>D：钝角三角形</li></ul><p>答 案：B</p><p>解 析：判断三角形的形状，条件是用一个对数等式给出先将对数式利用对数的运算法则整理。 ∵lgsinA-lgsinB-lgcos=lg2，由对数运算法则可得,左<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422954acc4dc.png" /> 两个对数底数相等则真数相等：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229567bb0e0.png" />即2sinBcosC=sinA 在△ABC中，∵A+B+C=180°，∴A=180°-（B+C）, <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642295c273960.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642295c819886.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642295d337926.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642295d958b6e.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642295df5ccdf.png" /> 故为等腰三角形</p><p>3、从点M(x,3)向圆<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224d89e6386.png" />作切线，切线的最小值等于（）  </p><ul><li>A：4</li><li>B：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224da12068a.png' /></li><li>C：5</li><li>D：<img src='https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224da7648e6.png' /></li></ul><p>答 案：B</p><p>解 析：如图,相切是直线与圆的位置关系中的一种，此题利用圆心坐标、半径，求出切线长. 由圆的方程知,圆心为B(-2,-2),半径为1，设切点为A，<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224fb292668.png" /> 由勾股定理得， <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224fdde65a2.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224fe756e3a.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224feb9db09.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864224ff1e7eb2.png" /> 当x+2=0时，MA取最小值，最小值为<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642250091e1b3.png" /> <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864225047b55db.png" />  </p><p>4、设集合A={0,1}，B={0,1,2}，则A∩B=（）  </p><ul><li>A：{1,2}</li><li>B：{0,2}</li><li>C：{0,1}</li><li>D：{0,1,2}</li></ul><p>答 案：C</p><p>解 析：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422489c9882b.png" /></p><p class="introTit">主观题</p><p>1、设函数f(x)=<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642286431b211.png" /> (Ⅰ)求f(x)的单调区间; (Ⅱ)求 f(x)的极值</p><p>答 案：(Ⅰ)函数的定义域为<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642286bee9cc3.png" /> <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642286c7d68a9.png" /> (Ⅱ)<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642286d3444c8.png" />  </p><p>2、设函数f(x)=xlnx+x.(I）求曲线y=f(x）在点（(1,f(1))处的切线方程；<br />(II）求f（x）的极值．</p><p>答 案：(I）f(1)=1,f'(x)=2+lnx，故f'(1)=2.所以曲线y=f(x）在点（1,f(1))处的切线方程为y=2x-1.(II）令f'(x)=0，解得<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116d2d14a94.png" />当<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116d3d33026.png" />时，f'(x)<O；当<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116d6f6aec3.png" />时，f'(x)＞O.故f(x）在区间<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116db9a0764.png" />单调递减，在区间<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116dc99fc91.png" />单调递增．因此f(x）在<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116ddb842d0.png" />时取得极小值<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/1564116de4f1b79.png" /></p><p>3、在正四棱柱ABCD-A'B'C'D'中，<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229a3bc3098.png" /> （Ⅰ）写出向量<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229a57ba174.png" />和<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229a5e46ac8.png" />关于基底{a,b,c}的分解式; （Ⅱ）求证：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229a76ba56d.png" /> （Ⅲ）求证：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229a7fdd541.png" />  </p><p>答 案：（Ⅰ）由题意知(如图所示) <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229af6b1567.png" /> <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229afe90f50.png" /> <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864229b08314c5.png" />  </p><p>4、在正四棱柱ABCD-A'B'C'D'中，<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642255fa50503.png" /> （Ⅰ）写出向量<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422561b1d145.png" />关于基底{a,b,c}的分解式 （Ⅱ）求证：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422563d58cde.png" /> （Ⅲ）求证：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642256478aacd.png" />  </p><p>答 案：(Ⅰ)由题意知(如图所示) <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422566983935.png" /> <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642256740213a.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422567c06c5d.png" /> (Ⅱ)<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864225695c5fbd.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422569cdc533.png" /> (Ⅲ)<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642256a537b6d.png" /> 由已知，a,c是正四棱柱的棱，a,b,c两两垂直 <img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642256d1c4379.png" />  </p><p class="introTit">填空题</p><p>1、椭圆的中心在原点，一个顶点和一个焦点分别是直线x+3y-6与两坐标轴的交点,则此椭圆的标准方程为（）  </p><p>答 案：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/286422989dd2b03.png" /></p><p>解 析：原直线方程可化为<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642298bab2d76.png" />交点(6,0),(0,2). 当点(6,0)是椭圆一个焦点,点(0,2) 是椭圆一个顶点时,c=6,b=2,<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642298d6bc461.png" />当点(0,2) 是椭圆一个焦点,(6,0) 是椭圆一个顶点时,c=2,b-6,<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642298ef2aa6b.png" /></p><p>2、不等式<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642289d6ca884.png" />的解集为（）  </p><p>答 案：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642289e5c9bcc.png" /></p><p>解 析：<img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642289efc4ba4.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/28642289fa37c87.png" /><img src="https://img2.meite.com/questions/202303/2864228a0077853.png" /></p>